Lesson 21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了

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1. 单词讲解

  • mad adj.发疯的
    I know I was wrong. Please don’t be mad at me.
    go mad : 自己发疯了
    drive sb. mad 受到某人发疯(外力影响)
    His behavior really drives me mad. 他的行为使我发疯了.
    dirve / drove / driven

  • reason n.原因
    for some reasons //因为一些原因
    for some reason //因为某一种原因
    for one reason or another //种种原因
    reasonable adj.合理的
    unreasonable adj.不合理的

  • sum n.量
    a large sum of money
    to sum up 总而言之

  • determined adj.坚定的,下定决心的
    be determined to do sth..
    He is determined to go abroad for further education.
    We are determined to hold on to the last. 我们坚持到最后

2. 语法讲解

  • … passing planes can be heard night and day.
    • 被动语态
      be*(被动的时间,还要考虑主语的单复数) + done(被动的动作)
      狗吃了那个蛋糕. The dog ate the cake.
      ? 吃了那个蛋糕. - > 蛋糕被吃了.
      狗(主语)吃了那个蛋糕(宾语). - > 蛋糕被狗吃了.
      被动语态主要是用于及物动词(因为要接宾语)
      被动语态用不及物动词需要介词(因为要接宾语)
      教室每天都打扫(教室不能主动打扫,每天应为一般现在时). Classrooms are cleaned every day.
      一座新的大楼去年建造的. A new building was build last year.

与时态相结合
他每天被打. He is beaten every day.
他昨天被打了. he was beaten yesterday.
他明天将被打. He will be beaten tomorrow.
他现在正在被动. He is being beaten.
他现在已经被动了. He has been beaten.

  • English is spoken all over the world.
    The stadium was build in 1998.
    His bike will be repaired by his grandfather tomorrow.
    The new machine has been used in our factory for two weeks.
    Our morning paper is read by over 200,000 people every day.

    罗马不是一天建成的. Rome was not built in a day.
    人们现在正在被广告营销. People are being influenced by advertisements.
    这封信必须马上寄出. The letter must be sent immediately.
    天气不能被人们所控制. The weather cannot be controlled by people.
    西红柿可以做菜或是生吃. Tomatoes may be cooked or eaten raw.
    我的钥匙肯定落在什么地方了. My keys must be left somewhere.

  • … passing planes can be heard…
    doing 修饰名词,作定语
    a waiting car / a sleeping baby / boiling water / a developing country
    a woman wearing a white coat
    used cars done 修饰名词,作定语
    wasted time / a desterted car park. / a ploughed field(运动场) / a car called Blue Bird

  • The airport was built … but … it could not be used then.
  • Over a hundred people must have been driven away … by the noise.
    must have v.过去分词 + be done = must have been done 推测 过去 的被动

#3. 知识扩展

被动语态与时态 / 情态动词相结合 / be(被动的时间) + done(被动的动作)