1. 单词讲解

rare adj.罕见的
a rare bird
Pandas are rare today.
It’s rare to see such a thing.
It’s rare for him to go to the movies.
ancient adj.古代的,古老的
ancient history
ancient civilization
ancient poem
myth n.神话故事
ancient Greek myths
trouble n.麻烦
He has trouble with his teeth.
The plan ran into trouble.
Peter got into trouble when he climbed the mountain.
His new car gave him a lot of trouble.
If you can’t get there on time, you will be in trouble.
effect n.结果,效果
The action movie has quite an effect on the little boy.
Does the medicine have any effect?
The new regulation came into effect last month.
The law is still in effect.
语法讲解
… is one of those rare people who believes in…
one of + 名词/代词(of后的名词需用复数)
One of your classmates is going to meet you at the airport.
believe in 信仰;信赖
believe in religion
I don’t believe in that young man.
… but ever since he moved in,…
ever since 从哪以后一直 (语气比since强)
Ever since he met Helen,he has changed completely(完整地).
… he has had trouble with cars and their owners.
have trouble with … 与…有麻烦
Fred has trouble with his new neighbor.
Because of this,…
because 连词因为 (引导原因状语从句)
because of 介词短语因为(后接名词,代词)
… he has not been able to get…
can / be able to 在完成时中一般用be able to
They have never been able to get together since graduation.
Jasper has put up…
put up 张贴,挂起
put up a poster on the wall
… but these have not had any effect.
hve an effect on 对…什么有影响
What parents say or do will have an effect on children.
It is one of the ugliest(丑陋的) faces…
He is the tallest man I have ever met. 他曾经是我见过最高的人.
It’s one of the most exciting movies I have ever seen.
Jasper hopes that…
hope for sth. 希望 / 期待某物
He is hoping for a letter.
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
Sam hopes to win the game.
hope that… 希望…
Sam hopes that he can win the game.
wish sb. to do sth
What do you wish me to do?
I wish you to go at once.
… turn cars and their owners to stone.
turn … to / into … 把…变成…
The witch turned the prince into a frog.

3. 知识扩展

定语从句
I have a friend who runs a restaurant.
先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句

关系词	作用	先行词
that, who, whom(只作宾语)	主语,宾语,表语	人

George is a college student who studies history. 主语
In the office sat a stranger whom I had never met before. 宾语
Frank is no longer a little boy that he used to be. 表语

关系词	作用	先行词
that, which	主语,宾语,表语	物

Paul bought a car that was made in France. 主语
That’s the gift which I’m going to send to my parents. 宾语
Our hometown is not the city that it was. 表语

关系词	作用	先行词
whose	定语	人或物

The lady whose hair is blond is a famous singer. 定语
Please pass me the book whose cover is blue. 定语

关系代词的用法 :

在下列情况中,先行词指物时,只能用that引导定语从句,而不能用which引导.
- 先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等代词.
  Vicky told us all that had happened.
- 先行词前有the very(正好的),the only,the last等修饰.
  This is the only ticket that we can get.
- 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰,先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级.
  It’s the most exciting movie that I have ever seen.
  This is the best that has been used to solve the problem.
- 先行词前有only,all,any,no,few,little等修饰.
  That man bought all the chocolate that was in the shop.
- 主句是以疑问句which开头的特殊疑问句.
  Which is the city that you want to visit?
- 先行词既有人又有物.
  The flowers and the kids that are in the photo look so lovely.
- 有两个定语从句的时候,其中一个关系代词宜用which,另一个宜用that.
  It’s a famous cafe, which sells coffee that is prepared with great care.
- 先行词在主句中作表语,关系代词在从句中也作表语.
  Our hometown is not the city that it used to be.
一般情况下that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略.
It’s the novel(that) I’m reading now.
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,不可省略,而且定语从句中的谓语动词在人称,数的方面应该与先行词保持一致.
- one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词复数形式
  It is one of the worldwide famous cities that attract millions of visitors.
- the only one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词单数形式
  Jack is the only one of the students who speaks French.