4.安卓基础之网络编程&json解析

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1. ListView的使用步骤

  • 首先在layout文件中定义一个listview
  • 找到定义的listview控件,设置一个适配器(adapter)
  • 在适配器中将要绑定listview中的数据传递给adapter

MVC 的设计思想

  • M:数据
  • V:listview
  • C:adapter

2. AnimationDrawable 的使用:

  • 先在drawable准备好图片
  • 在xml文件里面设置根元素和子原始
  • 代码中调用
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AnimationDrawable rocketAnimation;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  ImageView rocketImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.rocket_image);
  rocketImage.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.rocket_thrust);
  rocketAnimation = (AnimationDrawable) rocketImage.getBackground();
}
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
  if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
    rocketAnimation.start();
    return true;
  }
  return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}

3. Android的国际化相关

常见的有：
zh_cn: 简体中文
zh_hk: 繁体中文(中国香港)
zh_tw: 繁体中文(中国台湾地区)
en-hk: 英语(香港)
en_us: 英语(美国)
en_gb: 英语(英国)
en_ww: 英语(全球)
ja_jp: 日语(日本)
ko_kr: 韩文(韩国)

在Android工程的res目录下,通过定义特殊的文件夹名称就可以实现多语言支持.比如我们的程序兼容简体中文/英文,在values文件夹中建立默认strings.xml,再建立values-zh-rCN文件夹.

在每个文件夹里放置一个strings.xml,strings.xml里是各种语言字符串.如果涉及到参数配置类xml文件夹名称也要改成xml-zh/xml.这样在android的系统中进行语言切换,所开发的程序也会跟着切换语言.

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Resources resources = getResources();//获得res资源对象
Configuration config = resources.getConfiguration();//获得设置对象
DisplayMetrics dm = resources .getDisplayMetrics();//获得屏幕参数：主要是分辨率,像素等.
config.locale = Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE; //简体中文
resources.updateConfiguration(config, dm);

4. Android 连接网络,获得数据

  • 先定义一个秘书:Handler handler = new Handler()
  • 获取到一个篮子:Message msg = Message.obtain();
  • 让篮子交给秘书处理:msg.obj = data;
    通过生活的例子融入代码的想法中,在耗时的事儿不允许放在主线程中去完成.

4.1 在线获得网址的图片

  • 需要在AndroidManifest.xml开启权限
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
  • 在主线程重写handler的handleMessage( )方法,在工作线程发送消息.
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public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    protected static final int SUCCESS = 0;
    protected static final int NETWORK_ERROR = 1;
    protected static final int ERROR = 2;
    private EditText ed_path;
    private ImageView iv;
    private String path;
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case SUCCESS:
                    //取出消息中的数据
                    Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) msg.obj;
                    iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    break;
                case NETWORK_ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接错误 ....", 0).show();
                    break;
                case ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "  获得资源失败  ....", 0).show();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        };
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ed_path = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.ed_path);
        iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv);
    }
    public void gogetImage(View v){
        path = ed_path.getText().toString().trim();
        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(path)){
            Toast.makeText(this, "路径有错误...", 0).show();
            return;
        }
        new Thread(){
            public void run() {
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(path);
                    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                    //设置请求的方式
                    conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    //拿到返回的数据的类型
                    String contentType = conn.getContentType();
                    //数据的长度
                    int length = conn.getContentLength();
                    // 获得服务器返回的状态码 , 根据状态码去判断是否成功
                    int code = conn.getResponseCode();
                    if(code==200){
                        InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
                        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
                        Message msg = Message.obtain();
                        msg.what=SUCCESS;
                        msg.obj = bitmap;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                        in.close();
                    }else{
                        Message msg = Message.obtain();
                        msg.what=ERROR;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Message message =  Message.obtain();
                    message.what= NETWORK_ERROR;
                    mHandler.sendMessage(message);
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            };
        }.start();
    }
}
  • activity_main.xml的实现
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<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/ed_path"/>
    <Button
        android:onClick="gogetImage"
        android:text="Get"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

4.2 网页源码查看器的实现

  • 需要在AndroidManifest.xml开启权限
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
  • 在主线程中重写hander的handleMessage()方法,让工作线程发送信息.
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public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    protected  static final int SUCCESS = 0;
    protected  static final int ERROR = 1;
    protected  static final int NETWORK_ERROR = 2;
    private EditText ed_path;
    private TextView tv;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ed_path = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.ed_path);
        tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);
    }
    //定义一个秘书
    Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(Message msg){
            switch (msg.what){
                case SUCCESS:
                    String value = (String) msg.obj;
                    tv.setText(value);
                    break;
                case ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"ERROR",0).show();
                    break;
                case NETWORK_ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"NETWORK_ERROR",0).show();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    };
    String path = null;
    public void viewPageSource(View view){
        path = ed_path.getText().toString().trim();
        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(path)){
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"PATH NOT NOT!",0).show();
            return;
        }
        //否则连接网络，启动一个新的线程
        new Thread(){
            public void run(){
                try{
                    URL url = new URL(path);
                    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    //设置连接超时为5秒钟
                    conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                    conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    //这句能伪装成电脑访问
                    conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; Trident/6.0)");
                    String contentType = conn.getContentType();
                    int code = conn.getResponseCode();
                    if(code == 200){
                        InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
                        String data = StreamTool.decodeStream(in);
                        //Message 称为篮子
                        Message msg = Message.obtain();
                        msg.what = SUCCESS;
                        msg.obj = data;
                        handler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }else{
                        Message msg = Message.obtain();
                        msg.what = ERROR;
                        handler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }
                }catch (Exception e){
                    Message msg = Message.obtain();
                    msg.what = NETWORK_ERROR;
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }
  • 定义一个底层流实现代码
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public static String decodeStream(InputStream in) throws IOException{
		//底层流
		ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int len = 0;
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		while ((len=in.read(buf))>0){
				bas.write(buf,0,len);
		}
		String data = bas.toString();
		return data;
  • activity_mail.xml的编写
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/ed_path"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="http://www.itceo.net"/>
    <Button
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="viewPageSource"
        android:text="显示"/>
    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>

4.3 解析json格式的数据

  • 需要在AndroidManifest.xml开启权限
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
  • 在主线程中重写hander的handleMessage()方法,让工作线程发送信息.
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public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private EditText ed_city;
    private TextView city_result1;
    private TextView city_result2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ed_city = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.ed_city);
        city_result1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.city_result1);
        city_result2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.city_result2);
    }
    private final static String PATH = "http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city=";
    protected static final int SUCCESS = 0;
    protected static final int INVALID_CITY = 1;
    protected static final int ERROR = 2;
    private String city;
    String ul;
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case SUCCESS:
                    try {
                        JSONArray data = (JSONArray) msg.obj;
                        String day01 = data.getString(0);
                        city_result1.setText(day01);
                        String day02 = data.getString(1);
                        city_result2.setText(day02);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    break;
                case INVALID_CITY:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "城市无效", 0).show();
                    break;
                case ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络问题", 0).show();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        };
    };
    public void searchCityWeather(View v){
        city = ed_city.getText().toString().trim();
        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(city)){
            Toast.makeText(this, "路径错误...", 0).show();
            return;
        }
        //http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city=%E6%B7%B1%E5%9C%B3
        new Thread(){
            public void run() {
                try {
                    ul = PATH + URLEncoder.encode(city, "UTF-8");
                    URL url = new URL(ul);
                    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    // 设置必要的参数信息
                    conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                    conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    //判断响应码
                    int code = conn.getResponseCode();
                    if(code==200){
                        InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
                        String data = StreamTool.decodeStream(in);
                        System.out.println(data);
                        //解析json格式的数据
                        JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(data);
                        // 获得desc的值
                        String result = jsonObj.getString("desc");
                        if("OK".equals(result)){
                            //城市有效,返回了需要的数据
                            JSONObject dataObj = jsonObj.getJSONObject("data");
                            JSONArray jsonArray = dataObj.getJSONArray("forecast");
                            //通知更新ui
                            Message msg = Message.obtain();
                            msg.obj = jsonArray;
                            msg.what=SUCCESS;
                            mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                        }else{
                            //城市无效
                            Message msg = Message.obtain();
                            msg.what=INVALID_CITY;
                            mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                        }
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    Message msg = Message.obtain();
                    msg.what=ERROR;
                    mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
            };
        }.start();
    }
}
  • 定义一个底层流实现代码
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public static String decodeStream(InputStream in) throws IOException{
		ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int len = 0;
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		while ((len=in.read(buf))>0){
				baos.write(buf,0,len);
		}
		String data = buf.toString();
		return data;
}
  • activity_mail.xml的编写
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="请输入要查询的城市"/>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/ed_city"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:onClick="searchCityWeather"
        android:text="查询"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/city_result1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/city_result2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

4.4 联网解析xml格式的数据

  • 需要在AndroidManifest.xml开启权限
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
  • 在主线程重写handler的handleMessage( )方法,在工作线程发送消息.
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public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    protected static final int SUCCESS = 0;
    protected static final int ERROR = 1;
    private EditText ed_phone;
    private TextView tv_phonenumber;
    private TextView tv_phonelocation;
    private TextView tv_phonejx;
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            dialog.dismiss();
            switch (msg.what) {
                case SUCCESS:
                    p = (Product) msg.obj;
                    if(p!=null){
                        tv_phonenumber.setText(p.getPhonenum());
                        tv_phonelocation.setText(p.getLocation());
                        tv_phonejx.setText(p.getPhoneJx());
                    }
                    break;
                case ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "对不起, 俺比较忙, 稍后再来 ", 0).show();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        };
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ed_phone = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.ed_phone);
        tv_phonenumber = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_phonenumber);
        tv_phonelocation = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_phonelocation);
        tv_phonejx = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_phonejx);
    }
    String number;
    Product p = null;
    ProgressDialog dialog = null;
    public void getPhoneJX(View v){
        number = ed_phone.getText().toString().trim();
        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(number)){
            Toast.makeText(this, "手机号码 错误 ", 0).show();
            return;
        }
        // http://www.096.me/api.php?phone=13691689110&mode=xml
        final String path ="http://www.096.me/api.php?phone="+number+"&mode=xml";
        dialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
        dialog.setMessage("正在玩命加载中...");
        dialog.show();
        new Thread(){
            public void run() {
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(path);
                    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                    conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    int code = conn.getResponseCode();
                    if(code==200){
                        InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
                        String data = StreamTool.decodeStream(in);
                        XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
                        if(data.contains("gbk")){
                            parser.setInput(in, "gbk");
                        }else if(data.contains("UTF-8")){
                            parser.setInput(in, "UTF-8");
                        }
                        //以后注意, 只要出现乱码,  确保  解析的 编码和 发过来的编码一致 , 就不会有什么问题了.
                        //获得事件的类型
                        int eventType = parser.getEventType();
                        //
                        while(eventType!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){
//							..  //准备 一个javabean ,封装数据到 bean 中 -- Product
/*
<smartresult>
	<product type="mobile">
		<phonenum>13691689110</phonenum>
		<location>广东深圳移动神州行卡</location>
		<phoneJx>惨淡经营，难免贫困，此数不吉，最好改名 凶</phoneJx>
	</product>
</smartresult>
 */
                            if(eventType==XmlPullParser.START_TAG){
                                if("product".equals(parser.getName())){
                                    // new 一个product ,准备封装数据
                                    String type = parser.getAttributeValue(0);
                                    p = new Product();
                                    p.setType(type);
                                }else if("phonenum".equals(parser.getName())){
                                    p.setPhonenum(parser.nextText());
                                }else if("location".equals(parser.getName())){
                                    p.setLocation(parser.nextText());
                                }else if("phoneJx".equals(parser.getName())){
                                    p.setPhoneJx(parser.nextText());
                                }
                            }
                            eventType =parser.next();
                        }
                        //发消息 , 通知秘书去更新UI
                        Message msg = Message.obtain();
                        msg.what=SUCCESS;
                        msg.obj = p;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                        in.close();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    Message msg = Message.obtain();
                    msg.what=ERROR;
                    mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
            };
        }.start();
    }
}
  • 定义一个底层流实现代码
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package com.javami.unitls;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
 * Created by 诸葛亮 on 2016/10/30.
 */
public class StreamTool {
    public static String decodeStream(InputStream in) throws IOException{
        //底层流
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        while((len=in.read(buf))>0){
            baos.write(buf,0,len);
        }
        String data = baos.toString();
        if (data.contains("gbk")){
            return baos.toString("gbk");
        }else if(data.contains("utf-8")){
            return baos.toString("utf-8");
        }else{
            return data;
        }
    }
}
  • 定义Product封装数据
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package com.javami.unitls;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
 * Created by 诸葛亮 on 2016/10/30.
 */
public class StreamTool {
    public static String decodeStream(InputStream in) throws IOException{
        //底层流
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        while((len=in.read(buf))>0){
            baos.write(buf,0,len);
        }
        String data = baos.toString();
        if (data.contains("gbk")){
            return baos.toString("gbk");
        }else if(data.contains("utf-8")){
            return baos.toString("utf-8");
        }else{
            return data;
        }
    }
}
  • activity_mail.xml的编写
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="请输入手机号码" />
    <EditText
        android:inputType="phone"
        android:id="@+id/ed_phone"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:onClick="getPhoneJX"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_phonenumber"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_phonelocation"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_phonejx"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
</LinearLayout>