单词讲解

control n.控制
Paul took control of the business after his father retired.(接管)
Everything is under control.(在掌控之后)
The situation is out of control.(失控)
smoke n.烟
have a smoke
There’s no smoke without fire. 无火不起烟.
Where there’s smoke there’s fire. 无风不起浪;事出有因.
desolate adj.荒凉的
a desolate island
threaten v.威胁
threat(n.) + en
The boss threatened to fire the waiter.
The robber threatened the man with a gun.
surrounding adj.周围的
the surrounding countries
in the surrounding area
destruction n.破坏,毁坏
the destruction of the forest
The forest fire caused widespread destruction
flood n.洪水,水灾
authority n. 当局
the French authorities
Mr. Johnson is an authority on econmics.(学术权威专家)
grass- seed n.草籽
spray v.喷洒
John sprayed paint on / over the wall.
quanitity n.数量
quality n.质量
Sam drank a large quantity of beer.(大量的)
Nick has read quantities of books. (大量的)
root n.根
century n.世纪
A century is a period of a hundred years.
At the turn of the country, great changes took place in this country.(在世纪之交)
patch n.小片
There is a patch on his pants. (补丁)
a patch of land

语法讲解

Firemen had been fighting the forest fire…
had been doing : 过去完成进行时
强调动作在过去更早的某段时间内一直进行
常连用的表示时间的词 : for,since,before…

I had been waiting for Tom for an hour by the time he came.
Sam had been looking for his car key for days befor he found it.

… before they could get it under control.
get … under control 使…得到控制
The police has got the situation under control.
… great trees had covered the countryside…
around 在周围,四周
There is no house for miles around.
Winter was coming on…
come on 开始,来临
There is a storm coming on.
The show is coming on.
… the hills threatened the surrounding…
threaten … with … 以(某种方式或手段)威胁
The man tied her up and threatened her with a knife.
The father threatened the boy with a beating.

wash away 冲走,冲掉
The floods washed away the bridge.

When the fire had at last been put out…
put out 熄灭
put out the light
put out the candle

ton n.吨
a ton of coal 一顿煤
tons of oil 数吨石油

… over the ground in huge quantities…
quantity 数量
a large quantity of 大量的
a small quantity of 少量的
a large / small quantity of water
quantities 大量
The mother bought toys in large quantities for her boy.
The mother bought quantities of toys for her boy.
… the grass had already taken root.
take toot 生根
The little tree has taken root.
The idea has taken root in his mind.(想法扎根)
In place of the great trees…
in place of 替代,取代
Tim was sick. I had to take the business trip in place of him.

in the place of 在…的地方
When you think over the question, you may put yourself in the place of the boss.

知识扩展

过去完成进行时
had been doing
表示开始于过去某个时刻(A)之前的动作(B)持续到过去这一时刻(A),并继续持续下去.

与过去完成进行时常连用的时间状语
for + 时间段
since + 时间点
all morning
all day
before
…
When I got home, my brother had been repairing his bicycle for several hours.
当我回家的时候,我的兄弟还在那修自行车修了几个小时了.

When I got to the office, Frank had been waiting for me for an hour.